Verbs- Part 1: The Irregular Verbs

Simply put, verbs are action words. But, they are not just action words. Verbs come in three tenses, and these tenses tell us what happens, what happenede, and what has happened.

Truly, if we can manage our verbs well, most of our problems in English will be solved. A sentence can be a sentence without indicating the subject, but a sentence can never be a sentence without a verb.

Verbs are categorized into two kinds; the Regular Verbs and the Irregular Verbs.

 Regular Verbs are the verbs that form their past tense and past participle simply by adding –ed or –d.

 Examples:

 Base Form                 Past Form                  Past Participle

Play                             played                         played

 I play soccer every day.

I played soccer yesterday.

I’m so sweaty; I have just played soccer.

 Clean                          cleaned                       cleaned

The boy cleans his playroom every Saturday.

He cleaned his playroom last night.

He has cleaned his playroom. He will clean his bedroom later.

However, many ESL students have difficulty in managing the Irregular Verbs. These verbs are called irregular because the Past Tense and the Past Participle are very different from the original word.

Also, when do we know which Verb Tense to use? This topic, including the Present Continuous (What’s happening), will be discussed in another blog post. For now, let’s take a look at the list of Irregular Verbs. 

JAPANESE TRANSLATION

By: Google Translate

簡単に言えば、動詞はアクションワードです。しかし、それらは単なる行動の言葉ではありません。動詞には3つの時制があり、これらの時制は、何が起こったか、何が起こったか、何が起こったかを示します。

確かに、動詞をうまく管理できれば、英語での問題のほとんどは解決されます。文は主語を示さない文にすることができますが、動詞のない文にすることはできません。

動詞は2種類に分類されます。規則動詞と不規則動詞。

 規則動詞は、–edまたは–dを追加​​するだけで、過去形と過去分詞を形成する動詞です。

例：

Base Form                 Past Form                  Past Participle

Play                             played                         played

 I play soccer every day.

I played soccer yesterday.

I’m so sweaty; I have just played soccer.

 Clean                          cleaned                       cleaned

The boy cleans his playroom every Saturday.

He cleaned his playroom last night.

He has cleaned his playroom. He will clean his bedroom later.

ただし、多くのESL学生は、不規則動詞の管理に苦労しています。これらの動詞は、過去形と過去分詞が元の単語とは大きく異なるため、不規則と呼ばれます。

また、どの動詞時制を使用するかはいつわかりますか？現在形（何が起こっているか）を含むこのトピックについては、別のブログ投稿で説明します。とりあえず、不規則動詞のリストを見てみましょう。

List of the Most Commonly Used Irregular Verbs

Base Form                             Past Simple                            Past Participle

Be                                            was/were                                 been

Beat                                         beat                                         beaten

Become                                   became                                    become

Begin                                      began                                      begun

Bend                                        bent                                         bent

Bet                                          bet                                           bet

Bite                                         bit                                            bitten

Blow                                       blew                                        blown

Break                                      broke                                       broken

Bring                                       brought                                   brought

Broadcast                                broadcast                                broadcast

Build                                       built                                        built

Burst                                       burst                                        burst

Buy                                         bought                                     bought

Catch                                       caught                                     caught

Choose                                    chose                                       chosen

Come                                      came                                       come

Cost                                         cost                                         cost

Creep                                      crept                                        crept

Cut                                          cut                                           cut

Deal                                        dealt                                        dealt

Dig                                          dug                                          dug

Do                                           did                                           done

Draw                                       drew                                        drawn

Drink                                       drank                                       drunk

Drive                                       drove                                       driven

Eat                                           ate                                           eaten

Fall                                          fell                                          fallen

Feed                                        fed                                           fed

Feel                                         felt                                          felt

Fight                                       fought                                     fought

Find                                        found                                       found

Fit                                           fit                                            fit

Flee                                         fled                                          fled

Fly                                           flew                                         flown

Forbid                                     forbade                                    forbidden

Forget                                     forgot                                      forgotten

Forgive                                   forgave                                    forgiven

Freeze                                     froze                                        frozen

Get                                          got                                           gotten

Give                                        gave                                        given

Go                                           went                                        gone

Grow                                       grew                                        grown

Hang                                       hung                                        hung

Have                                        had                                          had

Hear                                        heard                                       heard

Hide                                        hid                                           hidden

Hit                                           hit                                            hit

Hold                                        held                                         held

Hurt                                         hurt                                         hurt

Keep                                        kept                                         kept

Kneel                                      knelt                                        knelt

Know                                      knew                                       known

Lay                                          laid                                          laid

Lead                                        led                                           led

Leave                                      left                                          left

Lend                                        lent                                          lent

Let                                           let                                            let

Lie                                           lay                                           lain

Light                                       lit                                            lit

Lose                                        lost                                          lost

Make                                       made                                       made

Mean                                       meant                                      meant

Meet                                        met                                          met

Pay                                          paid                                         paid

Put                                           put                                           put

Quit                                         quit                                          quit

Read                                        read                                         read

Ride                                        rode                                         ridden

Ring                                        rang                                         rung

Rise                                         rose                                         risen

Run                                         ran                                           run

Say                                          said                                         said

See                                          saw                                          seen

Seek                                        sought                                     sought

Sell                                          sold                                         sold

Send                                        sent                                         sent

Set                                           set                                           set

Sew                                         sewed                                      sewn/sewed

Shake                                      shook                                      shaken

Shoot                                       shot                                         shot

Show                                       showed                                    shown/showed

Shrink                                     shrank                                     shrunk

Shut                                         shut                                         shut

Sing                                         sang                                         sung

Sink                                         sank                                         sunk

Sit                                            sat                                           sat

Sleep                                       slept                                        slept

Slide                                        slid                                          slid

Speak                                      spoke                                       spoken

Spend                                      spent                                       spent

Spit                                         spit/spat                                  spit/spat

Split                                        split                                         split

Spread                                     spread                                     spread

Spring                                     sprang                                     sprung

Stand                                       stood                                       stood

Steal                                        stole                                        stolen

Stick                                        stuck                                       stuck

Sting                                       stung                                       stung

Stink                                       stank                                       stunk

Strike                                      struck                                      struck

Swear                                      swore                                      sworn

Sweep                                     swept                                       swept

Swim                                       swam                                       swum

Swing                                      swung                                      swung

Take                                        took                                         taken

Teach                                      taught                                      taught

Tear                                         tore                                          torn

Tell                                         told                                          told

Think                                      thought                                    thought

Throw                                     threw                                       thrown

Understand                             understood                              understood

Wake                                       woke                                       woken

Wear                                       wore                                        worn

Weep                                       wept                                        wept

Win                                         won                                         won

Write                                       wrote                                       written